Martha Joe is everyone’s grandmother – partly from the respect she has earned during her 90 years, and partly from the many children she raised.  She carries within her the history of the Kaiyuh people.  She was raised in the old ways learning the skills of fur sewing and mid-wifery.  She had some mission schooling and an early forced marriage.  She is the most eloquent of Koyukon speakers yet living.  And she owns a radio that gets Chinese broadcasts.